GENEVA: Foreign donors pledged a projected $12 billion in civilian aid to Afghanistan over the next four years at a key donor conference on Tuesday but many made it conditional on protecting human rights and maintaining progress during peace talks underway with the Taliban.
Ville Skinnari, Finland’s minister for development cooperation and foreign trade whose government co-organised the conference, said donors had pledged $3 billion for next year, with annual commitments expected to continue at the same level until the end of 2024, adding: “This would amount to $12 billion.”
That preliminary figure was a drop from $15.2 billion pledged in 2016, despite coming at a time when Afghanistan’s needs are growing due to rising violence and the coronavirus pandemic.
Many donors also put strict conditions on future funding and some officially committed for just the next year.
The United States pledged $600 million in civilian aid to Afghanistan next year but made half of it conditional on progress in peace talks.
Diplomats said keeping financing for Afghanistan on a tight leash could provide foreign governments with some leverage to inject a greater sense of urgency into a halting peace process.
“We’re pleased to pledge today $300 million…with the remaining $300 million available as we review progress in the peace process,” U.S. Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs David Hale said in a virtual address to the conference.
The United States has contributed roughly $800 million a year in civilian aid in recent years.
Another top donor, Germany, pledged 430 million euros ($510.88 million) in 2021 and signalled it would keep contributing until 2024 but also stressed that progress towards ending almost 20 years of war was needed.
Talks in the Qatari capital Doha between the Afghan government and Islamist Taliban insurgents began in September but have been mired in procedural wrangling as violence has resurged around the country.
But Hale said “significant progress” had recently been made, including a tentative agreement on ground rules that could allow negotiators to proceed to the next stage of forming an agenda.
As the donors conference proceeded, two explosions rocked an outdoor market in the central province of Bamyan, usually considered one of Afghanistan’s safest areas, killing at least 14 people and wounding almost 45, mostly civilians.
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During the lead-up to the quadrennial international donors conference, diplomats reckoned Afghanistan could receive 15-20% less funding than at the last conference in Brussels in 2016 due to uncertainties over the peace process and difficulties securing commitments from governments financially strapped by the coronavirus pandemic.
Uncertainty over whether the compromises needed for peace might lead to backsliding on human and women’s rights has also made some countries wary about making long-term commitments to an Afghan administration, which needs foreign money to cover about three-quarters of its spending.
The European Union pledged 1.2 billion euros ($1.43 billion)over four years on Tuesday but emphasised aid was conditional.
“Afghanistan’s future trajectory must preserve the democratic and human rights gains since 2001, most notably as regards to women and children’s rights,” EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said.
“Any attempt to restore an Islamic emirate would have an impact on our political and financial engagement,” he added, referring to the Taliban’s previous hardline Islamist rule between 1996 and 2001.
Conference organisers have said curbing corruption was another wish on the part of countries considering donations.
Some such as Britain announced pledges covering only one year.
Britain said it would pledge $227 million in annual civilian and food aid. France pledged 88 million euros ($104.20 million) and Canada 270 million Canadian dollars ($206.66 million).
($1 = 0.8413 euros)
($1 = 1.3065 Canadian dollars)
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