Australia said Tuesday it will fight against plans to downgrade the Great Barrier Reefs World Heritage status due to climate change, while environmentalists have applauded the U.N. World Heritage Committees proposal.
The committee said in a draft report on Monday that there is no possible doubt that the network of colorful corals off Australias northeast coast was facing ascertained danger.
The report recommends that the worlds most extensive coral reef ecosystem be added to UNESCOs List of World Heritage in Danger, which includes 53 sites, when the World Heritage Committee considers the question in China in July.
Meanwhile, Australia has accused China of using its political influence to sway the UN’s world heritage body after the Great Barrier Reef was declared to be “in danger”.
Senior ministers said the judgment was not based on any scientific assessment and was an extension of China’s quarrel with Australia, which began with Canberra’s call for an independent inquiry into the origins of the coronavirus pandemic and has spiralled into a string of spying accusations and trade disputes.
The listing could shake Australians' confidence in their government's ability to care for the natural wonder and create a role for UNESCO headquarters in devising so-called corrective measures, which would likely include tougher action to reduce Australia's greenhouse gas emissions.
Any downgrade of the reefs World Heritage status could reduce tourism revenue that the natural wonder generates for Australia because fewer tourists would be attracted to a degraded environment and dead coral.
Reef cruise operators said the report was wrong and that tourists continued to be awed by dazzling coral and multicolored fish. But some tourists said the reef had seemed more colorful during visits decades ago.
Environment Minister Sussan Ley said she and Foreign Minister Marise Payne had called UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay to express the governments strong disappointment and bewilderment at the proposal.
Australia, which is one of 21 countries on the committee, will oppose the listing, Ley said.
This decision was flawed. Clearly there were politics behind it, Ley told reporters. Clearly those politics have subverted a proper process and for the World Heritage Committee to not even foreshadow this listing is, I think, appalling.
The network of 2,500 reefs covering 348,000 square kilometers (134,000 square miles) has been World Heritage-listed since 1981.
But its health is under increasing threat from climate change and rising ocean temperatures.
The report found the site had suffered significantly from coral bleaching events caused by unusually warm ocean temperatures in 2016, 2017 and last year.
Australian Marine Conservation Society environmental consultant Imogen Zethoven welcomed the committees recognition that Australia hasnt done enough on climate change to protect the future of the reef.
The reef would become the first site to be added to the List of World Heritage in Danger primarily for climate change reasons, Zethoven said.
It would be a very significant step for the World Heritage Committee to make this decision and one that we really hope that it does make because it will open up a lot of potential change, she said.
Richard Leck, a spokesman for the environmental group WWF, said listing the reef as in-danger would be a real shock" to many Australians.
In 2014, Australia was warned that an in danger listing was being considered rather than being proposed for immediate action.
Australia had time to respond by developing a long-term plan to improve the reefs health called the Reef 2050 Plan.
The committee said this week that plan requires stronger and clearer commitments, in particular towards urgently countering the effects of climate change.
Ley said climate change policy debate should be restricted to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change.
I know … that climate change is the biggest threat to the reef and in no way am I stepping away from that recognition and countries including European countries have got strong views about what policies different countries should have on climate change and I understand that as well, but this is not the convention in which to have those conversations, Ley said, referring to the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage.
Observers say the swearing in on Tuesday of new Deputy Prime Minister Barnaby Joyce, who opposes action on climate change that increases prices, signals Australia is likely to set less ambitious targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Terry Hughes, director of the Australian Research Councils Center for Excellence in Coral Reef Studies, said Australias refusal to commit to a net zero carbon emissions target by 2050 made the country a complete outlier.
This draft decision from UNESCO is pointing the finger at Australia and saying: If youre serious about saving the Great Barrier Reef, you need to do something about your climate policies, Hughes told Australian Broadcasting Corp.
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